Vaitānasūtra
उपांशुग्रहहोमम्upāṃśugraha: Noun · Case: Cpdhomam: Noun · Case: Accusative · Gender: Masculine · Number: Singular सूर्योPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular द्याम्Part of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular इत्य्Part of speech: Particle उदितेPart of speech: VerbCase: LocativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularVerb form: Participle
upāṃśugrahahomamupāṃśugraha: Noun · Case: Cpdhomam: Noun · Case: Accusative · Gender: Masculine · Number: Singular sūryoPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular dyāmPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular ityPart of speech: Particle uditePart of speech: VerbCase: LocativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularVerb form: Participle
अन्तर्यामीयंPart of speech: AdjectiveCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular चPart of speech: Conjunction
antaryāmīyaṃPart of speech: AdjectiveCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular caPart of speech: Conjunction
हविर्धानेPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: NeuterNumber: Dual पूर्वेणातीत्यpūrveṇa: Pronoun · Case: Instrumental · Gender: Neuter · Number: Singularatītya: Verb · Verb form: Conv खरेPart of speech: NounCase: LocativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular चोपविश्यca: Conjunctionupaviśya: Verb · Verb form: Conv दिवस्Part of speech: NounCase: AblativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular पृथिव्याPart of speech: NounCase: AblativeGender: FeminineNumber: Singular इतिPart of speech: Particle मधुसूक्तेनPart of speech: NounCase: InstrumentalGender: NeuterNumber: Singular राजानंPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular संश्रयतिPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular
havirdhānePart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: NeuterNumber: Dual pūrveṇātītyapūrveṇa: Pronoun · Case: Instrumental · Gender: Neuter · Number: Singularatītya: Verb · Verb form: Conv kharePart of speech: NounCase: LocativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular copaviśyaca: Conjunctionupaviśya: Verb · Verb form: Conv divasPart of speech: NounCase: AblativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular pṛthivyāPart of speech: NounCase: AblativeGender: FeminineNumber: Singular itiPart of speech: Particle madhusūktenaPart of speech: NounCase: InstrumentalGender: NeuterNumber: Singular rājānaṃPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular saṃśrayatiPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular
इन्द्रायPart of speech: NounCase: DativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular सोमम्Part of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular ऋत्विजPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Plural इतिPart of speech: Particle द्रोणकलशस्थम्droṇakalaśa: Noun · Case: Cpdstham: Adjective · Case: Accusative · Gender: Masculine · Number: Singular अनुमन्त्रयतेPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular
indrāyaPart of speech: NounCase: DativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular somamPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular ṛtvijaPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Plural itiPart of speech: Particle droṇakalaśasthamdroṇakalaśa: Noun · Case: Cpdstham: Adjective · Case: Accusative · Gender: Masculine · Number: Singular anumantrayatePart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular
धृषत्Part of speech: AdjectiveCase: AccusativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular पिबेतिpibā: Verb · Tense: Present · Mood: Imperative · Person: 2 · Number: Singulariti: Particle माध्यन्दिनेPart of speech: AdjectiveCase: LocativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular
dhṛṣatPart of speech: AdjectiveCase: AccusativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular pibetipibā: Verb · Tense: Present · Mood: Imperative · Person: 2 · Number: Singulariti: Particle mādhyandinePart of speech: AdjectiveCase: LocativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular
यत्रPart of speech: Subordinating conjunction विजानातिPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular ब्रह्मन्त्Part of speech: NounCase: VocativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular सोमोPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular ऽस्कन्Part of speech: VerbTense: PastMood: IndicativeFormation: rootPerson: 3Number: Singular इतिPart of speech: Particle तम्Part of speech: PronounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular एतयालभ्याभिमन्त्रयतेetayā: Pronoun · Case: Instrumental · Gender: Feminine · Number: Singularālabhya: Verb · Verb form: Convabhimantrayate: Verb · Tense: Present · Mood: Indicative · Person: 3 · Number: Singular
yatraPart of speech: Subordinating conjunction vijānātiPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular brahmantPart of speech: NounCase: VocativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular somoPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular 'skanPart of speech: VerbTense: PastMood: IndicativeFormation: rootPerson: 3Number: Singular itiPart of speech: Particle tamPart of speech: PronounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular etayālabhyābhimantrayateetayā: Pronoun · Case: Instrumental · Gender: Feminine · Number: Singularālabhya: Verb · Verb form: Convabhimantrayate: Verb · Tense: Present · Mood: Indicative · Person: 3 · Number: Singular
अभूद्Part of speech: VerbTense: PastMood: IndicativeFormation: rootPerson: 3Number: Singular देवःPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular सविताPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular वन्द्योPart of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularVerb form: Gdv नूPart of speech: Particle नPart of speech: PronounCase: DativeNumber: Plural इदानीम्Part of speech: Adverb अह्नPart of speech: NounCase: GenitiveGender: NeuterNumber: Singular उपवाच्योPart of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularVerb form: Gdv नृभिःPart of speech: NounCase: InstrumentalGender: MasculineNumber: Plural
abhūdPart of speech: VerbTense: PastMood: IndicativeFormation: rootPerson: 3Number: Singular devaḥPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular savitāPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular vandyoPart of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularVerb form: Gdv nūPart of speech: Particle naPart of speech: PronounCase: DativeNumber: Plural idānīmPart of speech: Adverb ahnaPart of speech: NounCase: GenitiveGender: NeuterNumber: Singular upavācyoPart of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularVerb form: Gdv nṛbhiḥPart of speech: NounCase: InstrumentalGender: MasculineNumber: Plural
विPart of speech: Adposition योPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular रत्नाPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: NeuterNumber: Plural भजतिPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular मानवेभ्यःPart of speech: NounCase: DativeGender: MasculineNumber: Plural श्रेष्ठंPart of speech: AdjectiveCase: AccusativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular नोPart of speech: PronounCase: DativeNumber: Plural अत्रPart of speech: Adverb द्रविणंPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular यथाPart of speech: Particle दधद्Part of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: SubjunctivePerson: 3Number: Singular इतिPart of speech: Particle
viPart of speech: Adposition yoPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular ratnāPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: NeuterNumber: Plural bhajatiPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular mānavebhyaḥPart of speech: NounCase: DativeGender: MasculineNumber: Plural śreṣṭhaṃPart of speech: AdjectiveCase: AccusativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular noPart of speech: PronounCase: DativeNumber: Plural atraPart of speech: Adverb draviṇaṃPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular yathāPart of speech: Particle dadhadPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: SubjunctivePerson: 3Number: Singular itiPart of speech: Particle
येPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Plural अग्नयोPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Plural अप्स्व्Part of speech: NounCase: LocativeGender: FeminineNumber: Plural अन्तर्Part of speech: Adverb इतिPart of speech: Particle सप्तभिर्Part of speech: NumeralCase: InstrumentalGender: FeminineNumber: Plural अभिजुहोतिPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular
yePart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Plural agnayoPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Plural apsvPart of speech: NounCase: LocativeGender: FeminineNumber: Plural antarPart of speech: Adverb itiPart of speech: Particle saptabhirPart of speech: NumeralCase: InstrumentalGender: FeminineNumber: Plural abhijuhotiPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular
अध्वर्युःPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular प्रतिप्रस्थाताPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular प्रस्तोतोद्गाताprastotā: Noun · Case: Nominative · Gender: Masculine · Number: Singularudgātā: Noun · Case: Nominative · Gender: Masculine · Number: Singular प्रतिहर्ताPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular ब्रह्माPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular सुन्वन्Part of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularTense: PresentVerb form: Participle समन्वारब्धाPart of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: PluralVerb form: Participle बहिष्पवमानायPart of speech: AdjectiveCase: DativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular विसृप्यPart of speech: VerbVerb form: Conv वैप्रुषान्Part of speech: AdjectiveCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Plural होमान्Part of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Plural जुह्वतिPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Plural द्रप्सश्Part of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular चस्कन्देतिcaskanda: Verb · Tense: Past · Mood: Indicative · Person: 3 · Number: Singulariti: Particle
adhvaryuḥPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular pratiprasthātāPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular prastotodgātāprastotā: Noun · Case: Nominative · Gender: Masculine · Number: Singularudgātā: Noun · Case: Nominative · Gender: Masculine · Number: Singular pratihartāPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular brahmāPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular sunvanPart of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularTense: PresentVerb form: Participle samanvārabdhāPart of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: PluralVerb form: Participle bahiṣpavamānāyaPart of speech: AdjectiveCase: DativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular visṛpyaPart of speech: VerbVerb form: Conv vaipruṣānPart of speech: AdjectiveCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Plural homānPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Plural juhvatiPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Plural drapsaśPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular caskandeticaskanda: Verb · Tense: Past · Mood: Indicative · Person: 3 · Number: Singulariti: Particle
यस्Part of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular तेPart of speech: PronounCase: GenitiveNumber: Singular द्रप्सःPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular स्कन्दतिPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular यस्Part of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular तेPart of speech: PronounCase: GenitiveNumber: Singular अंशुर्Part of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular बाहुच्युतोbāhu: Noun · Case: Cpdcyutaḥ: Verb · Case: Nominative · Gender: Masculine · Number: Singular · Verb form: Participle धिषणायाPart of speech: NounCase: GenitiveGender: FeminineNumber: Singular उपस्थात्Part of speech: NounCase: AblativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular
yasPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular tePart of speech: PronounCase: GenitiveNumber: Singular drapsaḥPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular skandatiPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular yasPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular tePart of speech: PronounCase: GenitiveNumber: Singular aṃśurPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular bāhucyutobāhu: Noun · Case: Cpdcyutaḥ: Verb · Case: Nominative · Gender: Masculine · Number: Singular · Verb form: Participle dhiṣaṇāyāPart of speech: NounCase: GenitiveGender: FeminineNumber: Singular upasthātPart of speech: NounCase: AblativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular
अध्वर्योर्Part of speech: NounCase: GenitiveGender: MasculineNumber: Singular वाPart of speech: Conjunction परिPart of speech: Adposition यःPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular पवित्रात्Part of speech: NounCase: AblativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular तंPart of speech: PronounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular तेPart of speech: PronounCase: DativeNumber: Singular जुहोमिPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 1Number: Singular मनसाPart of speech: NounCase: InstrumentalGender: NeuterNumber: Singular वषट्कृतम्Part of speech: VerbCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularVerb form: Participle
adhvaryorPart of speech: NounCase: GenitiveGender: MasculineNumber: Singular vāPart of speech: Conjunction pariPart of speech: Adposition yaḥPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular pavitrātPart of speech: NounCase: AblativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular taṃPart of speech: PronounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular tePart of speech: PronounCase: DativeNumber: Singular juhomiPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 1Number: Singular manasāPart of speech: NounCase: InstrumentalGender: NeuterNumber: Singular vaṣaṭkṛtamPart of speech: VerbCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularVerb form: Participle
द्रप्सःPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular पतितोPart of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularVerb form: Participle ऽत्यस्यवश्Part of speech: Conjunction चPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular यःPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular परःPart of speech: NounCase: AblativeGender: FeminineNumber: Singular
drapsaḥPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular patitoPart of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularVerb form: Participle 'tyasyavaśPart of speech: Conjunction caPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular yaḥPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular paraḥPart of speech: NounCase: AblativeGender: FeminineNumber: Singular
अयंPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular देवोPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular बृहस्पतिःPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular संPart of speech: AdpositionCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular तंPart of speech: PronounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular सिञ्चतुPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: ImperativePerson: 3Number: Singular राधसेPart of speech: NounCase: DativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular
ayaṃPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular devoPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular bṛhaspatiḥPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular saṃPart of speech: AdpositionCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular taṃPart of speech: PronounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular siñcatuPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: ImperativePerson: 3Number: Singular rādhasePart of speech: NounCase: DativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular
यस्Part of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular तेPart of speech: PronounCase: GenitiveNumber: Singular द्रप्सःPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular पतितःPart of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularVerb form: Participle पृथिव्यांPart of speech: NounCase: LocativeGender: FeminineNumber: Singular धानासोमःdhānā: Noun · Case: Cpdsomaḥ: Noun · Case: Nominative · Gender: Masculine · Number: Singular परीवापःPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular करम्भःPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular
yasPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular tePart of speech: PronounCase: GenitiveNumber: Singular drapsaḥPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular patitaḥPart of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularVerb form: Participle pṛthivyāṃPart of speech: NounCase: LocativeGender: FeminineNumber: Singular dhānāsomaḥdhānā: Noun · Case: Cpdsomaḥ: Noun · Case: Nominative · Gender: Masculine · Number: Singular parīvāpaḥPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular karambhaḥPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular
अयंPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular देवोPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular बृहस्पतिःPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular संPart of speech: AdpositionCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular तंPart of speech: PronounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular सिञ्चतुPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: ImperativePerson: 3Number: Singular वर्चसेPart of speech: NounCase: DativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular
ayaṃPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular devoPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular bṛhaspatiḥPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular saṃPart of speech: AdpositionCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular taṃPart of speech: PronounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular siñcatuPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: ImperativePerson: 3Number: Singular varcasePart of speech: NounCase: DativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular
यन्Part of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular मेPart of speech: PronounCase: GenitiveNumber: Singular स्कन्नम्Part of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: NeuterNumber: SingularVerb form: Participle इतिPart of speech: Particle
yanPart of speech: PronounCase: NominativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular mePart of speech: PronounCase: GenitiveNumber: Singular skannamPart of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: NeuterNumber: SingularVerb form: Participle itiPart of speech: Particle
चात्वालाद्Part of speech: NounCase: AblativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular दक्षिणतPart of speech: Adverb उपविशन्तिPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Plural
cātvālādPart of speech: NounCase: AblativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular dakṣiṇataPart of speech: Adverb upaviśantiPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Plural
दोषोPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular गायेतिgāya: Verb · Tense: Present · Mood: Imperative · Person: 2 · Number: Singulariti: Particle जपन्न्Part of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularTense: PresentVerb form: Participle उद्गातारम्Part of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular ईक्षतेPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular
doṣoPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: NeuterNumber: Singular gāyetigāya: Verb · Tense: Present · Mood: Imperative · Person: 2 · Number: Singulariti: Particle japannPart of speech: VerbCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: SingularTense: PresentVerb form: Participle udgātāramPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular īkṣatePart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular
स्तोत्रोपाकरणात्stotra: Noun · Case: Cpdupākaraṇāt: Noun · Case: Ablative · Gender: Neuter · Number: Singular प्रस्तोताPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular ब्रह्माणम्Part of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular आमन्त्रयतेPart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular ब्रह्मन्Part of speech: NounCase: VocativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular स्तोष्यामःPart of speech: VerbTense: FutureMood: IndicativePerson: 1Number: Plural प्रशास्तPart of speech: NounCase: VocativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular इतिPart of speech: Particle
stotropākaraṇātstotra: Noun · Case: Cpdupākaraṇāt: Noun · Case: Ablative · Gender: Neuter · Number: Singular prastotāPart of speech: NounCase: NominativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular brahmāṇamPart of speech: NounCase: AccusativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular āmantrayatePart of speech: VerbTense: PresentMood: IndicativePerson: 3Number: Singular brahmanPart of speech: NounCase: VocativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular stoṣyāmaḥPart of speech: VerbTense: FutureMood: IndicativePerson: 1Number: Plural praśāstaPart of speech: NounCase: VocativeGender: MasculineNumber: Singular itiPart of speech: Particle