{"dhatu":{"slug":"sabda","root_iast":"śabda","root_slp1":"Sabda","dev":"शब्द","gana":10,"ganaName":"curadi","pada":"U","meaning":"āviṣkāre, bhaṣaṇe","meaning_english":"to utter, to sound, to explain","meaning_hindi":"शब्द करना, भाषण करना, प्रकट करना","dhaturoopnandini_note":"उपसर्गात् परः शब्दधातुः आविष्कारे वर्तते इत्यर्थः । प्रतिशब्दति । प्रतिश्रुतिमाविष्करोति इत्यर्थः । अनुपसर्गाच्च आविष्कारे इत्येव । चाद्भाषणे ।","tags":"उदात्तोपदेशः,नित्यणिच्","sutras":[{"id":"6.1.131","text":"दिव उत्","transliteration":"diva ut","english":"For the final of the nominal-stem div , there is the substitution of u , when it is a pada ([[1.4.14]] etc.).,","explainer":"The portion पद of the word पदान्त must be read into this sutra from [[6.1.109]]. The word दिव् is here a nominal-stem and not a verbal-root. Thus दिवि कामो यस्य = द्युकामः, द्युमान्, विमलद्यु दिनं, द्युभ्याम्, द्युर्भिः ॥ We have said that दिव् is here a pratipadika and not a dhatu<"}],"upasargas":[{"name":"प्रति","meaning_hindi":"स्पष्ट बोलना, वचन देना"},{"name":"वि","meaning_hindi":"स्पष्ट बोलना, वचन देना"},{"name":"प्र","meaning_hindi":"स्पष्ट बोलना, वचन देना"}],"lemma_count":25},"neighbors":{"prev":{"slug":"bukka-10-0238","root_iast":"bukka"},"next":{"slug":"kana-10-0240","root_iast":"kaṇa"}},"wordGroups":[{"title":"Root","words":[{"slug":"sabdah","headword":"śabdaḥ","definitions":["[apte] [śabd-ghañ] 1 Sound (the object of the sense of hearing and property of ākāśa); athātmanaḥ śabda- guṇaṃ guṇajaḥ padaṃ vimānena vigāhamānaḥ R. 13. 1. --2 Sound, note (of birds; men &c.), noise in general; viśvāso- pagamādabhinnagatayaḥ śabdaṃ sahaṃte mṛgāḥ Ś. 1. 14; Bg. 1. 13; Ś. 3. 1; Ms. 4. 31; Ku. 1. 45. --3 The sound of a musical instrument; vādyaśabdaḥ Pt. 2; Ku. 1. 45. --4 A word, sound, sign"],"dictionaries":["apte"],"basis":"Root","textCount":0},{"slug":"sabdana","headword":"śabdana","definitions":["[apte] a. [śabd lyu lyuṭ vā] Sounding, making a sound. --naṃ 1 Sounding, making a noise, uttering a sound --2 A sound, noise. --3 Calling out, calling. --4 Naming."],"dictionaries":["apte"],"basis":"Root","textCount":4}]},{"title":"Vṛddhi","words":[{"slug":"sabda","headword":"śābda","definitions":["[mw] m. (in a formula) = sagara TS. 1151,2 232859 m. = ahaḥ S3Br. 146174 1151,2 232860"],"dictionaries":["apte","mw"],"basis":"Vṛddhi","textCount":8}]},{"title":"Other","words":[{"slug":"abhivyamjaka","headword":"abhivyaṃjaka","definitions":["[apte] a. Displaying, show- ing, indicating; guṇābhivyaṃjakau śabdā- rthau S. D. 1."],"dictionaries":["apte"],"basis":"Other","textCount":0},{"slug":"apasabdah","headword":"apaśabdaḥ","definitions":["[apte] 1 A bad or ungramma- tical word, a corrupted word (in form or meaning); ta eva śakti- vaikalyapramādālasatādibhiḥ. anyathoccāritāḥ śabdā apaśabdā itīritāḥ..; dūrataścāpaśabdaṃ tyaktvā Bh. 3. 134 (where ºbdaṃ has also sense 4); apaśabdaśataṃ māghe Su- bhāsh. --2 Vulgar speech. --3 A form of language not Sanskrit, ungram- matical language. --4 A reproachful word, offensive expression, censure;..."],"dictionaries":["apte"],"basis":"Other","textCount":0},{"slug":"artha","headword":"ārtha","definitions":["[mw] mn. ([ in RV. i-ix only n. Page90,3; in RV. x six times n. and thrice m.; in later Sanskr2it Sanskrit only m. ]) aim, purpose (very often artham, arthena, arthāya, and arthe ifc. or with gen. for the sake of, on account of, in behalf of, for) 90,2 15840 mn. cause, motive, reason Mn. ii, 213, &c 90,3 15841 mn. advantage, use, utility (generally named with ka1ma kāma and dharma dharma, see tri-varga"],"dictionaries":["apte","mw"],"basis":"Other","textCount":207},{"slug":"atigraha","headword":"atigraha","definitions":["[apte] a. [atikrāṃto grahaṃ] Difficult to be comprehended, incomprehen- sible. --haḥ, --grāhaḥ 1 Object of an ap- prehensive organ, such as sparśa ‘touch’ the object of tvac, rasa of jihvā &c. The Grahas are eight in number; prāṇa, vāc, jihvā, cakṣus, śrotra, manas, hastau & tvac; the corresponding atigrāhas being apāna, nāman, rasa, rūpa, śabda, kāma, karman & sparśa. --2 Right knowledge, correct appreh"],"dictionaries":["apte"],"basis":"Other","textCount":3},{"slug":"gamin-2","headword":"gāmin","definitions":["[apte] a. [gam-ṇini] (Only at the end of comp.) 1 Going, mov- ing, walking; vaidiśagāmī M. 5; mṛgeṃdra- gāmī R. 2. 30 having the gait of a lion; kubjaº Pt. 2. 5; alasaº Amaru. 51. --2 Riding; dviradaº R. 4. 4. --3 Going or reaching to, extending or appplying to, relating to; nanu sakhī- gāmī doṣaḥ Ś. 4; dvitīyagāmī na hi śabda [Page0457-c+ 56] eṣa naḥ R. 3. 49. --4 Leading or going to, accruing to; citra"],"dictionaries":["apte"],"basis":"Other","textCount":70},{"slug":"nad","headword":"nad","definitions":["[apte] 1 P. (nadati, nadita) 1 To sound, resound, thunder (as a cloud &c); vāmaścāyaṃ nadati madhuraṃ cātaka- ste sagaṃdhaḥ Me. 9; nadatyākāśagaṃgāyāḥ srotasyuddāmadiggaje R. 1. 78; Śi. 5. 63; Bk. 2. 4. --2 To speak, shout, cry, roar, (often with words like śabda, svana, nāda &c. as object); nanāda bala- vannādaṃ, śabdaṃ ghorataraṃ nadaṃti Mb. --3 To vibrate. --Caus. (nādayati-te) 1 To fill with noise, m","[mw] cl.1 P. (Dha1tup. iii, 17) n/adati (ep. also te; pf. nanāda, nedur, nedire MBh.; aor. anādīt Gr.; fut. nadiṣyati, ditā ib.) to sound, thunder, roar, cry, howl &c (also with nād/am, śabdam, svanam &c) AV. &c &c: Pass. nadyate MBh.: Caus. nad/ayati, te, to make... m. a roarer, bellower, thunderer, crier, neigher &c (as a cloud, horse, bull, met. a man, i, 179, 4;) RV. 526,1 103309 m. N. of RV. viii,"],"dictionaries":["apte","mw"],"basis":"Other","textCount":29},{"slug":"nada-2","headword":"nāda","definitions":["[mw] m. (nad) a loud sound, roaring, bellowing, crying RV. &c 534,3 105475 m. any sound or tone Pra1t.; R. &c (= śabda L.) 534,3 105476 m. (in the Yoga yoga) the nasal sound represented by a semicircle and used as an abbreviation in mystical words BhP. 534,3 105477 m. a praiser (= stotṛ) Naigh. iii, 16. 068079 534,3 105478"],"dictionaries":["mw"],"basis":"Other","textCount":66},{"slug":"pad","headword":"pad","definitions":["[apte] I. 10 A. (padayate) To go or move. --II. 4 A. (padyate, panna; caus. pādayati-te; desid. pitsate) 1 To go, move. --2 To go to, approach (with acc.). --3 To attain, obtain, gain; jyotiṣāmādhipatyaṃ ca prabhāvaṃ cāpyapadyata Mb. --4. To observe, practice; svadharmaṃ padyamānāste Mb. --5 Ved. To fall down [Page0663-a+ 57] with fatigue. --6 Ved. To perish. --7 To fall out. --III. 1 P. (padati) To stan","[apte] m. [pad-kvip] (This word has no forms for the first five inflec- tions; it is optionally substituted for pada after acc. dual) 1 A foot. --2 A quarter, a fourth part (as of a stanza). --Comp. --kāṣin a. 1. rubbing or scratching the feet. --2. going on foot, pedestrian. (--m.) a footman. --gaḥ, (padgaḥ) a foot- soldier. --jaḥ (jjaḥ) 1. a footman. --2. a Śūdra; cf. padbhyāṃ śūdro ajāyata. --na- ddhā","[mw] cl.1 P. padati v.l. for bad, to stand fast or fixed Dha1tup. iii, 1, 4; Vop. 073992 582,3 115169","[mw] cl.4 A1. (Dha1tup. xxvi, 60) padyate (ti AitBr. MBh.; Pot. padyām R.; Impv. patsva MBh.; pf. papāda RV.; pede Br.; aor. apadmahi, dran RV. [ Subj. padāti ib. ]; apatsi,patthās AV.; Prec. padīṣṭ/a RV. AV.; fut. patsyati Br.; te Up.; pattā Gr.; inf. p/attave... in comp. for 3. pad. 073994 582,3 115171 (for śabda) m. the noise of feet or footsteps L. 073995 582,3 115172 ind. (for śas) foot by foot, P"],"dictionaries":["apte","mw"],"basis":"Other","textCount":80},{"slug":"parimotana","headword":"parimoṭana","definitions":["[mw] n. (muṭ) snapping, cracking VarBr2S. (= caṭācaṭā-śabda Sch.) 075901 599,2 118337"],"dictionaries":["mw"],"basis":"Other","textCount":0},{"slug":"pat-2","headword":"pat","definitions":["[apte] I. 1 P. (patati, patita) 1 To fall, fall down, come down, descend, drop down, alight; avāṅmukhasyopari puṣpavṛṣṭiḥ papāta vidyādharahastamuktā R. 2. 60; vṛṣṭi- rbhavane cāsya petuṣī 10. 77; (reṇuḥ) pata- ti pariṇatāruṇaprakāśaḥ śalabhasamūha ivāśra- madrumeṣu Ś. 1. 32; Me. 105; Bk. 7. 9, 21. 6. --2 To fly, move through the air, soar; haṃtuṃ kalahakāro'sau śabda- kāraḥ papāta khaṃ Bk. 5. 100; see p","[mw] cl.4 A1. (Dha1tup. xxvi, 50) p/atyate, to be master, reign, rule, govern, control, own, possess, dispose of (acc. or instr.) RV.; to partake of, share in (loc.) ib.; to be fit or serve for (dat.) ib. [ Prob. Nom. of p/ati; cf. Lat. potiri. ] 073705 580,3...","[mw] cl.1 P. (Dha1tup. xx, 15) p/atati (ep. also te; pf. papāta, paptim/a, pet/atur, papt/ur; paptiv/as RV.; papatyāt AV.; aor. apaptat RV.; Pass. apāti Br.; fut. patiṣ-y/ati AV.; te,patitā MBh.; Cond. apatiṣyat Br.; inf. patitum ib. &c; ind.p. patitv/ā AV. Br.;... mfn. flying, falling (ifc.; cf. akṣi-p/at). 073707 580,3 114699 m. flying, falling (cf. g. pacādi and jvalādi). 073708 580,3 114700 m. a wi"],"dictionaries":["apte","mw"],"basis":"Other","textCount":145},{"slug":"pras-2","headword":"prāś","definitions":["[apte] 9 P. 1 To eat, consume, de- vour, feed upon. --2 To taste; Ms. 2. 62. --3 To enjoy, sport with. --4 To drink.","[apte] f. Ved. Food.","[mw] (pra- aś) P. prāśnoti (aor. prānaṭ), to reach, attain RV.; to fall to the lot or share of (acc.) ib.: Caus. prāśāpayati, to cause to reach or attain Ma1nGr2. 089182 709,2 140325 mfn. arrived at, gained (= prāpta). Nir. (Sch.) 709,2 140326 mfn. = pṛśni ib. 089183 709,2 140327","[mw] (pra- aś) P. prāśnāti (rarely A1. nīte), to eat, consume, devour, taste, enjoy RV. &c &c: Caus. prāśayati, to cause to eat, feed A1s3vGr2.; Mn.; Katha1s. 089184 709,2 140328 m. eating, feeding upon (cf. ghṛta-, dhūma-pr) 709,2 140329 m. food, victuals Kaus3.; MBh.; Sus3r. 089185 709,2 140330 m. eating, enjoying, S3a1y. on RV. i, 40, 1. 089186 709,2 140331","[mw] m. (prach) asking, inquiring, a questioner Ya1jn5. Sch. (cf. śabda-pr and Un2. ii, 57) 709,2 140352 f. (?) statement or assertion in a debate or lawsuit AV. ii, 27, 1; 5 (cf. prati-prāś). 089197 709,2 140353 m. one who interrogates and discriminates, a judge (esp. the chief j judge of a stationary court) Mn.; Gaut.; Bhar. (cf. IW. 296, 1). 089198 709,2 140354"],"dictionaries":["apte","mw"],"basis":"Other","textCount":68},{"slug":"purotih","headword":"puroṭiḥ","definitions":["[apte] 1 The current of a river. --2 The rustling noise of leaves (patra- śabda)."],"dictionaries":["apte"],"basis":"Other","textCount":0},{"slug":"sabd","headword":"śabd","definitions":["[apte] 10 U. śabdayati te, śabdita) 1 To sound, make a noise. --2 To speak, call out, call out to; vitatamṛdu- karāgraḥ śabdayaṃtyā vayobhiḥ paripatati divoṃ- 'ke helayā bālasūryaḥ Śi. 11. 47. --3 To name, call; ata eva sāgariketi śabdyate Ratn. 4. --WITH abhi to name. --pra to explain. --saṃ to call out to.","[mw] (rather a Nom. śabdaya fr. śabda) cl.10 P. (Dha1tup. xxxiii, 40) śabdayati, to make any noise or sound, cry aloud S3is3.; Pan5cat.; BhP.; to call, invoke S3am2k.; Katha1s.; (śabdāpayati, te), to call, address R.: Pass. ś/abdyate, to be sounded &c; to be... m. (in Dhya1nabUp. also n. ifc. f (A). perhaps connected with 3. śap cf. also 2. śap) sound, noise, voice, tone, note (śabdaṃ kṛ, to utter a so"],"dictionaries":["apte","mw"],"basis":"Other","textCount":1},{"slug":"sabda-2","headword":"sabda","definitions":["[mw] m. (in a formula) = sagara TS. 1151,2 232859 m. = ahaḥ S3Br. 146174 1151,2 232860"],"dictionaries":["mw"],"basis":"Other","textCount":0},{"slug":"sabdayate","headword":"śabdāyate","definitions":["[apte] Den. A. 1 To make a noise, sound; śabdāyaṃte madhuramanilaiḥ kīcakāḥ pūryamāṇāḥ Me. 56. --2 To cry, roar, scream, yell; Bk. 5. 52; 17. 91. --3 To call, call out to; ete hastināpuragāmina ṛṣayaḥ śabdāyyaṃte S. 4; Mu. 1; bhavatu śabdāyiṣye tāvat Ve. 3; Mk. 1."],"dictionaries":["apte"],"basis":"Other","textCount":0},{"slug":"sabdika","headword":"śābdika","definitions":["[apte] a. (kī f.) [śabda-ṭhak] 1 Verbal, oral. --2 Relating to sounds or words. --3 Sounding. --kaḥ A grammarian."],"dictionaries":["apte"],"basis":"Other","textCount":1},{"slug":"samnad","headword":"saṃnad","definitions":["[mw] P. -nadati, to cry aloud, sound, roar MBh.: Caus. -nādayati, to cause to resound, fill with noise or cries MBh.; R.; Hariv.; to cry aloud MBh. 145528 1146,1 231894 m. (sg. and pl.) shouting together, a confused or tumultuous noise, uproar, din, clamour (also -śabda) MBh.; R. &c 1146,1 231895 m. N. of a monkey R. 145529 1146,1 231896 mfn. (fr. Caus.) making to sound, filling with noise or clamour M"],"dictionaries":["mw"],"basis":"Other","textCount":1},{"slug":"skabh","headword":"skabh","definitions":["[mw] or skambh (prob. a mere phonetic variety of stambh q.v.; in native lists written skanbh) cl.5.9. P. (Dha1tup. xxxi, 8 Pa1n2. 3-1, 82) skabhn/oti, skabhn/āti (accord. to Dha1tup. x, 27 also cl.1 A1. skambhate Page1257,1; pr. p. skabhnuv/at Br.; skabh/at RV.;... See vi-ṣkabdha, p. 998, col. 2. 159267 1257,1 254242 n. = śabda Va1s. (Sch.) 159268 1257,1 254243 mfn. (fr. Caus.) supported, fixed, fasten"],"dictionaries":["mw"],"basis":"Other","textCount":0},{"slug":"svabdin","headword":"svabdin","definitions":["[mw] mfn. (prob.) roaring, panting RV. viii, 33, 2 (= svabhūta-śabda, śabdaṃ kurvat Sa1y.) 162406 1281,1 259062"],"dictionaries":["mw"],"basis":"Other","textCount":1},{"slug":"tacchabdya","headword":"tācchabdya","definitions":["[mw] n. the having that form of a word (tad śabda), 2, 60 Pat.; Anup. 054224 441,2 83688 mfn. (an affix) denoting a particular disposition or custom (śīla) Pa1n2. 3-1, 94; Paribh. 1. 054225 441,2 83689 n. the being accustomed to that, 2, 11; i, 3, 21 Va1rtt. 5 441,2 83690 n. a- neg., iii, 2, 79; Ka1s3. 054226 441,2 83691"],"dictionaries":["mw"],"basis":"Other","textCount":0},{"slug":"visayah-3","headword":"viṣayaḥ","definitions":["[apte] 1 An object of sense; (these are five, corresponding to the five organs of sense; rūpa, rasa, gaṃdha, sparśa and śabda corresponding to the eye, tongue, nose, skin, and ear); śrutiviṣayaguṇā yā sthitā vyāpya viśvaṃ S. 1. 1. --2 A worldly object or con- cern, an affair, a transaction. --3 The pleasures of sense, worldly or sensual objects (usually in pl.) yauvane viṣayaiṣiṇāṃ R. 1. 8; śabdādīn vi- "],"dictionaries":["apte"],"basis":"Other","textCount":0},{"slug":"vivartah","headword":"vivartaḥ","definitions":["[apte] 1 Turning round, revolv- ing, whirling. --2 Rolling onward, moving about; Mv. 6. 26. --3 Roll- ing back, returning. --4 Dancing. --5 Alteration, modification, change of form, altered condition or state; śabda- brahmaṇastādṛśaṃ vivartamitihāsaṃ rāmāyaṇaṃ praṇināya U. 2; eko rasaḥ karuṇa eva nimittabhedādbhannaḥ pṛthak pṛthagivāśrayate vivartān U. 3. 47; akāṃḍaśuṣkāśani- pātaraudraḥ ka eṣa dhāturviṣ"],"dictionaries":["apte"],"basis":"Other","textCount":0}]}],"sutras":[{"id":"6.1.131","text":"दिव उत्","transliteration":"diva ut","english":"For the final of the nominal-stem div , there is the substitution of u , when it is a pada ([[1.4.14]] etc.).,","explainer":"The portion पद of the word पदान्त must be read into this sutra from [[6.1.109]]. The word दिव् is here a nominal-stem and not a verbal-root. Thus दिवि कामो यस्य = द्युकामः, द्युमान्, विमलद्यु दिनं, द्युभ्याम्, द्युर्भिः ॥ We have said that दिव् is here a pratipadika and not a dhatu<"}],"wordCount":25}

√śabda शब्द

Upasargas